Discussion
This paper presents an in-depth analysis of public opinion regarding external and internal threats in Central Asia, drawing from a 2024 survey. Central Asia, as a geostrategic nexus connecting major global powers, faces a complex array of challenges shaped by historical legacies, geopolitical rivalries, economic transitions, and socio-political dynamics. Understanding public perceptions of these threats provides crucial insights into governance, policy priorities, and regional stability.
The study categorizes threats into two dimensions: external threats, including geopolitical tensions, foreign interference, border disputes, and global economic pressures, and internal threats, such as political instability, corruption, inequality, environmental degradation, and social unrest. The survey data reveal significant regional and demographic variations in perceived threat levels, with respondents identifying economic instability and political corruption as the most pressing internal challenges. External concerns are dominated by fears of growing influence from major powers, border security issues, and economic dependencies.
Key findings highlight how historical and socio-political contexts shape public opinion. Demographic factors such as age, education, and urbanization also influence perceptions, with younger and more educated populations expressing broader awareness of global issues compared to rural and older demographics who prioritize immediate socio-economic concerns.
By offering a comprehensive analysis, this paper contributes to the broader discourse on security, governance, and public policy in Central Asia. It provides policymakers and scholars with actionable insights into the intersection of public opinion, state policy, and regional stability, highlighting the necessity of addressing both internal and external dimensions of threats to ensure sustainable development and security in the region.
