Authors
Mariia Romanets1; 1 University of Bristol, UK Discussion
The first wave of Ukrainian mass migration to the United Kingdom occurred after World War II. Between 33,000 and 35,000 Ukrainians arrived in the United Kingdom as refugees. The next wave of Ukrainian emigration to the United Kingdom dates back to Ukrainian independence (1991). Compared to the previous wave, it was not so massive and was sluggish. The status of Ukrainian citizens arriving in the UK also differed. Ukrainians came on Student visas, Skilled Worker visas, Global Talent visas, etc. Russia's military invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022 provoked a new wave of mass migration of Ukrainians. Since the beginning of the war around 174,000 people had moved to the United Kingdom under the Ukrainian Family Scheme and Ukrainian Sponsorship Scheme. The difference in the reasons for the departure of Ukrainians from their homeland, the status of their arrival in the United Kingdom, the different degrees of openness of emigrants to a new cultural context and the coincidence or non-coincidence of the time of arrival of a Ukrainian with the cultural liberalisation of the United Kingdom offer us a starting point for thinking about the features of the three waves of Ukrainian emigration to the United Kingdom and the fates of the representatives of these waves. This paper aims to present some realities of the professional paths of Ukrainian composers, representatives of three emigration waves – Stefania Turkewich, Alla Sirenko, Halyna Ovcharenko, Iryna Gould, and Natalia Tsupryk – after they settled in the United Kingdom. 
